Liebenberg, Louis. The Art of Tracking: The Origin of Science.
p. 58
The poison mainly used by the Ju/wasi, /Gwi and !Xo comes from the larvae of bettles of the Chrysomelidae family and their parasites. One species of Polyclada, which feed on the Sclerocarya caffra trees, and two species of Diamphidia, which feed on the two species of Commiphora trees, are used. Their larvae are parasitised by the larvae of a host-specific Lebistina bettle belonging to the family Carabidae. The cocoons are found about 50 to 100 cm below the surface of the ground under the tree they feed on (Skaife, 1953). Poison larvae are handled with great care. The poison is deadly if it enters the bloodstream through scratches or cracks on the hunter's hands, and it can blind a person if it gets into the eyes (Marshall, 1976a). After poisoning their arrows they wash their hands very carefully. Although highly toxic, it may be taken orally without ill effects (Silverbauer, 1981).
The poison usually takes 6 to 24 hours or more to kill an animal (Lee, 1979)...